DL: Can you tell us anything about the aftermath of the war and the scattering of the Dakota people?
SG: On December 26, 1862 is when the 38 were hung in Mankato. And President Lincoln pardoned all but 38 of them, and most of them were sent to Davenport, Iowa, like my Grandfather William. He served four years in Davenport, and then they shipped him up the river to Crow Creek in 1866. And then he left there, after, I’m assuming a year, and made his way to Flandreau, South Dakota. From there I track him to present-day Bloomington, Minnesota. And then he came back to Lower Sioux. Caŋ ŝa yapi - the BIA name is Lower Sioux now. And then he passed away- I don’t remember the exact year.