Topics
Category
Era
Lind, John (1854–1930)
"Reform!" was the rallying cry of late nineteenth-century America, and John Lind was in the vanguard. His election as the fourteenth governor of Minnesota and the first non-Republican governor of the state in decades heralded a new progressive era.
Lind was born in Kånna, Småland, Sweden on March 25, 1854. When he was thirteen, he immigrated with his family to a Goodhue County farm in Minnesota. An accident cost him his left hand and may have encouraged him to cultivate his considerable intellectual talents. He was a teacher and school superintendent for several years, studied law at the University of Minnesota, and established a law practice in New Ulm. He married Alice A. Shepard in 1879, and they eventually had four children.
In 1881, President James A. Garfield appointed Lind, then a young Republican lawyer, to a position in the US Land Office. At age thirty-two, Lind was the first Swedish American elected to Congress.
In 1896, after three terms in Congress and a falling-out with more conservative party members, he became the gubernatorial candidate of the Democrats, Populists, and Silver Republicans in Minnesota. He lost this election but not his determination to promote progressive ideals. After serving in the Spanish-American War, Lind ran for governor again. This time, he won and served from January 2, 1899, to January 7, 1901. During his second campaign, he explained his reluctance to commit himself to a particular party by saying, "I am a political orphan."
The "orphan" was a Democrat during his final term in Congress from 1903 to 1905 and then acted as President Woodrow Wilson's personal representative to Mexico from 1913 to 1914, during part of the Mexican Revolution.
To the end, Lind was an original: cerebral, independent, and fiercely committed to his liberal principles. He campaigned zealously for adoption of a more equitable tax burden, enlightened concern for the sick and poor, and direct elections of state officials. He died in Minneapolis on September 18, 1930, having paved the way for subsequent reform in Minnesota.

Related Resources
Primary
John and Norman Lind Papers, 1870–1933
Manuscript Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00304.xml
Description: Papers of John Lind and his oldest son, Norman.
Records of Governor John Lind, 1899–1904
Minnesota State Archives, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/gov028.xml
Description: Records include general correspondence and materials relating to pardons.
M208-A
Mexican Mission Papers of John Lind, 1913–1931 (Microfilm)
Manuscript Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
Description: Papers relating to Lind's diplomatic mission to Mexico from 1913 to 1914 during the Mexican Revolution and his subsequent involvement with the country. A guide to this microfilm edition of the papers, by Deborah K. Neubeck, is available at http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/m0208.pdf
Lind, John. Biennial Message of Governor John Lind to the Legislature of Minnesota, 1901. [St. Paul?, 1901].
———. Governor Lind's Speech Accepting Renomination for Governor: Delivered at St. Paul Auditorium, September 6, 1900. [St. Paul: Allied Printing Trades Council, 1900.]
———. Labor Day Address Delivered by Gov. John Lind, September 3, 1900. [St. Paul?, 1900?].
———. Message of Governor John Lind to the Legislature of Minnesota, 1899. [St. Paul?, 1899].
———. "The Mexican People." pts. 1 and 2. The Bellman 17 no. 438 (December 5, 1914): 715–719;
17 no. 439 (December 12, 1914): 749-754.
———. Remarks of Hon. John Lind, of Minnesota: on the Wilson Retaliation Bill in the House of Representatives, September 8, 1888. Washington, DC: [s.n.], 1888.
———. Why do the farmers' sons and daughters flock to the city? Address delivered before the Blue Earth County Agricultural Society, September 23, 1892. New Ulm, MN: [s.n., 1892].
Secondary
Calvert, Peter. The Mexican Revolution, 1910–1914: The Diplomacy of Anglo-American Conflict. Cambridge University Press, 1968.
Chrislock, Carl H. "A Cycle in the History of Minnesota Republicanism." Minnesota History 39, no. 3 (Fall 1964): 93–110.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/39/v39i03p093-110.pdf
Grieb, Kenneth J. The United States and Huerta. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [1969].
Haley, P. Edward. Revolution and Intervention: The Diplomacy of Taft and Wilson with Mexico, 1910–1917. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, [1970].
Hicks, John D. "The People's Party in Minnesota." Minnesota History 5, no. 8 (November 1924): 531–560.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/5/v05i08p531-560.pdf
Hill, Larry D. "The Progressive Politician as a Diplomat: The Case of John Lind in Mexico." The Americas 27, no. 4 (April 1971): 355–372.
Stephenson, George M. John Lind of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1935.
Web
The Minnesota Historical Society. Governors of Minnesota: John Lind.
http://collections.mnhs.org/governors/index.php/10004108
The Minnesota Historical Society's National Register Properties. John Lind House.
http://nrhp.mnhs.org/property_overview.cfm?propertyID=40
Related Images

John Lind
Public domain
Holding Location
More Information

John Lind
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles

John Lind campaign button
All rights reserved
Holding Location
Articles
More Information

John Lind campaign ribbon
All rights reserved
Holding Location
Articles
More Information

Governor John Lind in his office in the State Capitol
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles

President William McKinley and Governor John Lind
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles
More Information

John Lind with his wife and daughters
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles

John Lind
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles

John Lind in his office
Public domain
Holding Location
Articles
Related Articles
Turning Point
In 1913, John Lind begins serving as President Woodrow Wilson's personal diplomatic emissary to Mexico. He holds the position until 1914 and it is a highlight of his political career.
Chronology
1854
1879
1881
1896
1899
1903
1913
1930
Related Resources
Primary
John and Norman Lind Papers, 1870–1933
Manuscript Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00304.xml
Description: Papers of John Lind and his oldest son, Norman.
Records of Governor John Lind, 1899–1904
Minnesota State Archives, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/gov028.xml
Description: Records include general correspondence and materials relating to pardons.
M208-A
Mexican Mission Papers of John Lind, 1913–1931 (Microfilm)
Manuscript Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul
Description: Papers relating to Lind's diplomatic mission to Mexico from 1913 to 1914 during the Mexican Revolution and his subsequent involvement with the country. A guide to this microfilm edition of the papers, by Deborah K. Neubeck, is available at http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/m0208.pdf
Lind, John. Biennial Message of Governor John Lind to the Legislature of Minnesota, 1901. [St. Paul?, 1901].
———. Governor Lind's Speech Accepting Renomination for Governor: Delivered at St. Paul Auditorium, September 6, 1900. [St. Paul: Allied Printing Trades Council, 1900.]
———. Labor Day Address Delivered by Gov. John Lind, September 3, 1900. [St. Paul?, 1900?].
———. Message of Governor John Lind to the Legislature of Minnesota, 1899. [St. Paul?, 1899].
———. "The Mexican People." pts. 1 and 2. The Bellman 17 no. 438 (December 5, 1914): 715–719;
17 no. 439 (December 12, 1914): 749-754.
———. Remarks of Hon. John Lind, of Minnesota: on the Wilson Retaliation Bill in the House of Representatives, September 8, 1888. Washington, DC: [s.n.], 1888.
———. Why do the farmers' sons and daughters flock to the city? Address delivered before the Blue Earth County Agricultural Society, September 23, 1892. New Ulm, MN: [s.n., 1892].
Secondary
Calvert, Peter. The Mexican Revolution, 1910–1914: The Diplomacy of Anglo-American Conflict. Cambridge University Press, 1968.
Chrislock, Carl H. "A Cycle in the History of Minnesota Republicanism." Minnesota History 39, no. 3 (Fall 1964): 93–110.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/39/v39i03p093-110.pdf
Grieb, Kenneth J. The United States and Huerta. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, [1969].
Haley, P. Edward. Revolution and Intervention: The Diplomacy of Taft and Wilson with Mexico, 1910–1917. Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, [1970].
Hicks, John D. "The People's Party in Minnesota." Minnesota History 5, no. 8 (November 1924): 531–560.
http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/5/v05i08p531-560.pdf
Hill, Larry D. "The Progressive Politician as a Diplomat: The Case of John Lind in Mexico." The Americas 27, no. 4 (April 1971): 355–372.
Stephenson, George M. John Lind of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1935.
Web
The Minnesota Historical Society. Governors of Minnesota: John Lind.
http://collections.mnhs.org/governors/index.php/10004108
The Minnesota Historical Society's National Register Properties. John Lind House.
http://nrhp.mnhs.org/property_overview.cfm?propertyID=40