Clifford, Nina (1851–1929)
Bibliography
“1997 Excavation of Nina Clifford Site.” YouTube video, 18:22. Posted by “City of Saint Paul Communication Services,” December 26, 2014.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG6Baekh_wk
Best, Joel. “Careers in Brothel Prostitution, St. Paul, 1865–1883.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 12, no. 4 (Spring 1982): 597–619.
Ketz, Anne, Elizabeth J. Abel, and Andrew J. Schmidt. “Public Image and Private Reality: An Analysis of Differentiation in a Nineteenth-Century St. Paul Bordello.” Historical Archaeology 39, no. 1 (2005): 74–88.
Kimball, Joe. “Nina’s Magic Clings.” Minneapolis Star Tribune, January 26, 1990.
“Nina Clifford, Long St. Paul Demi-Monde Queen, Is Dead.” St. Paul Daily News, July 17, 1929.
Park, Sharon. "Gangster Era in St. Paul, 1900–1936." MNopedia, November 4, 2015.
https://www3.mnhs.org/mnopedia/search/index/event/gangster-era-st-paul-1900-1936
Petersen, Penny A. Minneapolis Madams: The Lost History of Prostitution on the Riverfront. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.
Rajkowski, Frank. “Flashback Friday: Vice Once Common on Washington Street in St. Paul.” KSTP, October 19, 2018.
https://kstp.com/news/flashback-friday-vice-once-common-on-washington-street-in-st-paul-brothel-nina-clifford/5114005
Smith, Mary Lynn. “Excavation of Brothel Site Provides a Glimpse of St. Paul’s Racier Past.” Minneapolis Star Tribune, April 2, 1997.
“Turner Got Diamonds, Too, Swears Witness.” Minneapolis Morning Tribune, February 13, 1914.
http://www.mnhs.org/newspapers/lccn/sn83016772/1914-02-13/ed-1/seq-1
United States census. Clifford, Nina. St. Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota, 1920. Familysearch.org.
“Woman Says She Paid Money to Fred Turner.” Minneapolis Morning Tribune, January 30, 1914.
http://www.mnhs.org/newspapers/lccn/sn83016772/1914-01-30/ed-1/seq-1
Chronology
1851
1887
1895
1900
1905
1929
1937
1997
Bibliography
“1997 Excavation of Nina Clifford Site.” YouTube video, 18:22. Posted by “City of Saint Paul Communication Services,” December 26, 2014.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG6Baekh_wk
Best, Joel. “Careers in Brothel Prostitution, St. Paul, 1865–1883.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 12, no. 4 (Spring 1982): 597–619.
Ketz, Anne, Elizabeth J. Abel, and Andrew J. Schmidt. “Public Image and Private Reality: An Analysis of Differentiation in a Nineteenth-Century St. Paul Bordello.” Historical Archaeology 39, no. 1 (2005): 74–88.
Kimball, Joe. “Nina’s Magic Clings.” Minneapolis Star Tribune, January 26, 1990.
“Nina Clifford, Long St. Paul Demi-Monde Queen, Is Dead.” St. Paul Daily News, July 17, 1929.
Park, Sharon. "Gangster Era in St. Paul, 1900–1936." MNopedia, November 4, 2015.
https://www3.mnhs.org/mnopedia/search/index/event/gangster-era-st-paul-1900-1936
Petersen, Penny A. Minneapolis Madams: The Lost History of Prostitution on the Riverfront. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2013.
Rajkowski, Frank. “Flashback Friday: Vice Once Common on Washington Street in St. Paul.” KSTP, October 19, 2018.
https://kstp.com/news/flashback-friday-vice-once-common-on-washington-street-in-st-paul-brothel-nina-clifford/5114005
Smith, Mary Lynn. “Excavation of Brothel Site Provides a Glimpse of St. Paul’s Racier Past.” Minneapolis Star Tribune, April 2, 1997.
“Turner Got Diamonds, Too, Swears Witness.” Minneapolis Morning Tribune, February 13, 1914.
http://www.mnhs.org/newspapers/lccn/sn83016772/1914-02-13/ed-1/seq-1
United States census. Clifford, Nina. St. Paul, Ramsey County, Minnesota, 1920. Familysearch.org.
“Woman Says She Paid Money to Fred Turner.” Minneapolis Morning Tribune, January 30, 1914.
http://www.mnhs.org/newspapers/lccn/sn83016772/1914-01-30/ed-1/seq-1