Jimmy Patiño is an associate professor at the University of Minnesota in the Department of Chicano and Latino Studies. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Patiño received both a BA and MA in Sociology from the University of Houston before completing his Ph.D in United States History at the University of California San Diego. He started his career at St. Cloud State University in the Ethnic Studies department before moving to the University of Minnesota where he has been teaching since 2011 and serves as the director of the Center for Race, Indigeneity, Disability, Gender & Sexuality Studies (RIDGS), an organization focused on connecting students with those who can help them achieve their academic and professional goals. Much of his work focuses on the transformative power of collective action in the fight for equality. In 2017 he published his first book, Raza Sí, Migra No: Chicano Movement Struggles for Immigrant Rights in San Diego.
James Curry is a producer, director, writer, editor and educator. Curry grew up in Brooklyn Park, MN and studied at The American Film Institute. He went on to earn an MFA in Film from the Vermont College of Fine Arts. For over 30 years he has been active in filmmaking and has won numerous awards for his short film “Westbound” and documentary, “Masterjam.” In 2021 he was awarded the Jerome Hill Artist Fellowship and in 2022 the Arthur C. McWatt Fellowship. As a fellow with the Minnesota African American Heritage Museum and Galley, Curry’s exhibit Soul Force: The Movements of Memory explored the collaboration and connection between Black, Indigenous and Chicano communities and their movements for civil rights. Curry also teaches film and production at Augsburg University and is currently in pre-production for his next non-fiction work.
Dr. Nick Estes is an enrolled member of the Lower Brule Sioux Tribe and Assistant professor of American Indian Studies at the University of Minnesota. A historian by trade, Dr. Estes is committed to the field of American Indian studies and specializes in the history of Indigenous social movements, and Indigenous views of environmental and social justice. He is the author of the award winning book Our History is the Future: Standing Rock Versus the Dakota Access Pipeline, and the Long Tradition of Indigenous Resistance. Dr. Estes co-hosts the Red Nation podcast and is the lead editor of Red Media, an Indigenous-run non-profit media organization. He is currently working on his next book, We Are Power, People's History of the American Indian Movement, a contemporary history of the American Indian Movement.
De La O, Gilberto (co-founder of St. Paul Brown Berets). Interview with Lorena Duarte, March 29, 2010. Minnesota Historical Society and Immigration History and Research Center, University of Minnesota.
Irene Gomez-Bethke papers, 1970–2001
Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. http://www.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00039.xml
Mexican American Community in St. Paul Collection, 1918–1977. Manuscripts Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00967.xml
Mexican American Oral History Project. Oral History Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. http://collections.mnhs.org/cms/display.php?irn=10469039
Records of the Minnesota Department of Human Rights, 1947–2010 (bulk 1967–2010)
State Archives, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/gr00697.xml
Red School House Records, 1986-1991. Red School House records. Minnesota Historical Society. http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00878.xml#a8
St. Paul Police Oral History Project. Oral History Collection, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/oh132.xml
United States Congress. “Revolutionary Activities Within the United States: The American Indian Movement.” Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. GPO, 1976.
Alam, Ehsan. "Minneapolis Teamsters’ Strike, 1934." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/event/minneapolis-teamsters-strike-1934
Birong, Christine. "The Influence of Police Brutality on the American Indian Movement's Establishment in Minneapolis, 1968–1969." Order No. 1469387, The University of Arizona 2009. http://login.ezproxy.lib.umn.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/influence-police-brutality-on-american-indian/docview/304842961/se-2.
Bonney, Rachel A. “The Role of AIM Leaders in Indian Nationalism.” American Indian Quarterly 3, no. 3 (1977): 209–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/1184538.
Cohen, Fay G. “The Indian Patrol in Minneapolis: Social Control and Social Change in an Urban Context.” Law & Society Review 7, no. 4 (1973): 779–86. https://doi.org/10.2307/3052970.
D’Arcus, B. “The Urban Geography of Red Power: The American Indian Movement in Minneapolis-Saint Paul, 1968-70.” Urban Studies 47, No. 6 (2010): 1241-1255. https://doi-org.ezp2.lib.umn.edu/10.1177/0042098009360231
Davis, Julie L. Survival Schools : The American Indian Movement and Community Education in the Twin Cities. University of Minnesota Press, 2013.
Delegard, Kirsten. "Racial Housing Covenants in the Twin Cities." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/thing/racial-housing-covenants-twin-cities
Fixico, Donald. “From Tribal to Indian: American Indian Identity in the Twentieth Century.” In Native Diasporas: Indigenous Identities and Settler Colonialism in the Americas, ed. Gregory D. Smithers and Brooke N. Newman, 473-496. University of Nebraska Press, 2014.
Gutierrez, Lizeth. "Centro Cultural Chicano, Minneapolis." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/place/centro-cultural-chicano-minneapolis
Hankin-Redmon, Eric. "Near North African American Community, Minneapolis." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/place/near-north-african-american-community-minneapolis
Heller, Heidi. "Phyllis Wheatley House, Minneapolis." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/place/phyllis-wheatley-house-minneapolis
Karger, Howard Jacob. “Phyllis Wheatley House: A History of the Minneapolis Black Settlement House, 1924 to 1940.” Phylon (1960-) 47, no. 1 (1986): 79–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/274697.
Kortenhoff, Kurt. Potential and Paradox: A Gateway to Minnesota’s Past. PressBooks, 2022. https://mlpp.pressbooks.pub/mnhist/
Langston, Donna Hightower. “American Indian Women’s Activism in the 1960s and 1970s.” Hypatia 18, no. 2 (2003): 114–32. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3811016.
Lansing, Michael J. “Policing Politics: Labor, Race, and the Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis, 1945–1972.” Minnesota History 67, no. 5 (2021): 226–38. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27002358.
Leighton, Jared E., "“A Small Revolution”: The Role of a Black Power Revolt in Creating and Sustaining a Black Studies Department at the University of Minnesota" (2008). Masters Thesis, Department of History. 49. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historydiss/49.
Lewis, Brittany. "The Black Freedom Struggle further North: How Black Civic Activists and Grassroots Organizers in North Minneapolis, Minnesota used A Local Governmental Instrument to Pursue Racial Reform from within a White Liberal Urban Regime." National Political Science Review 20, no. 3 (2019): 2-30.
Lurie, Jon. "Heart of the Earth Survival School." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/heart-earth-survival-school.
Lurie, Jon. "American Indian Movement (AIM)." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/american-indian-movement-aim.
Marks, Susan. "Civil Unrest on Plymouth Avenue, Minneapolis, 1967." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/event/civil-unrest-plymouth-avenue-minneapolis-1967
MPD150. “Enough is Enough: A 150 Year Performance Review of the Minneapolis Police Department.” MPD150. Summer 2020. https://www.mpd150.com/wp-content/uploads/reports/report_2_uncompressed.pdf
Molina, Natalia. “Understanding Race as a Relational Concept.” Modern American History 1, no. 1 (2018): 101–5. https://doi-org.ezp2.lib.umn.edu/10.1017/mah.2017.14.
Nelson, Paul. "West Side Flats, St. Paul." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/place/west-side-flats-st-paul
Oatis, Ianna, Renee Boney-Jett, and Acoma Gaither. "Race and Policing in the Twin Cities." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/race-and-policing-twin-cities
Patiño, Jimmy. "Brown Berets in Minnesota." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/brown-berets-minnesota
Paulsen, Sarah Jayne. Black Power And Neighborhood Organizing In Minneapolis, Minnesota: The Way Community Center, 1966-1971. Master's thesis. 2018. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/4793
Philp, Kenneth R. “Stride toward Freedom: The Relocation of Indians to Cities, 1952-1960.” The Western Historical Quarterly 16, no. 2 (1985): 175–90. https://doi.org/10.2307/969660.
Saldivar, Shirley. "Chicano Movement in Westside St. Paul." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/thing/chicano-movement-westside-st-paul
Shoemaker, Nancy. “Urban Indians and Ethnic Choices: American Indian Organizations in Minneapolis, 1920-1950.” The Western Historical Quarterly 19, no. 4 (1988): 431–47. https://doi.org/10.2307/968322.
TPT. Plymouth Avenue. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdoJQ51nXNA
Wilson, Brianna. "AIM Patrol, Minneapolis." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/group/aim-patrol-minneapolis
Voigt, Matthias André. “Warrior Women: Indigenous Women, Gender Relations, and Sexual Politics within the American Indian Movement and at Wounded Knee.” American Indian Culture and Research Journal 46, no. 3 (2023): 101-130.
Voigt, Matthias André. “Between Powerlessness and Protest: Indigenous Men and Masculinities in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis/St. Paul and the Emergence of the American Indian Movement.” Settler Colonial Studies 11, no. 2 (2021): 221–41. doi:10.1080/2201473X.2021.1881330.
American Indian Movement.” Settler Colonial Studies 11, no. 2 (2021): 221–41. doi:10.1080/2201473X.2021.1881330.