Minnesota Unraveled

Meatpacking in Minnesota: How Migration and Labor Transformed Worthington (episode 109)

Written by MNHS Podcast | Mar 6, 2025 12:00:00 PM

Transcripts

English Transcript PDF (344KB) Spanish Transcript PDF (361KB)

 

Guests

Dr. Roger Horowitz

Roger Horowitz is an historian of American business, technology, and labor and an expert on the nation’s food. He has written widely about the consumption and production of meat in America. Currently he is the Director of the Center for the History of Business, Technology and Society at the Hagley Museum and Library and serves as secretary-treasurer of the Business History Conference. When given the chance, he also teaches at the University of Delaware.

Andrea Duarte-Alonso

Andrea- Duarte-Alonso is a first generation Mexican American who grew up around the meatpacking industry. Born in Kansas where both her parents worked in the meatpacking industry, Duarte-Alonso would spend much of her childhood moving across the midwest to various meatpacking plants. In 2006, the family move to Worthington, MN and would eventually put down roots. After leaving for college, she would return to Worthington, where she felt a sense of community and home.

Today, Andrea is an English and Language Arts teacher in the Worthington School District. She is also a writer specializing in non-fiction essays, poetry and freelance journaling. Currently she is working on her oral history project, “Stories from Unheard Voices,” focused on collecting and bringing forth the voices of first and second generation immigrants who reside in greater Minnesota. With this project Duarte-Alonso hopes to bring marginalized voices to the forefront, making sure their stories are heard.

Antonio Morales

Antonio Morales was born and raised in Worthington, MN. His parents immigrated to Florida from Guatemala and like many in the meatpacking industry, moved around the country to various meatpacking plants before they settled in Worthington. His father has spent more than 20 years working in the meatpacking industry. Starting as a production worker at JBS, he now works on the kill floor. Today, Antonio joins his father at JBS but as part of the night crew responsible for cleaning and sanitizing the kill floor. He describes it as a fast-paced job as they need to have the floor ready for the first shift at 6am. Morales has fond memories growing up in Worthington, attending Sunday league soccer games with his parents.

Leonardo Duarte

Leonardo Duarte is the father of Andrea Duarte-Alonso and has been working in the meatpacking industry since 1992. From La Piedad, Michoácan, Mexico, Duarte started his career at Excel/Cargill, in Dodge City, Kansas. While in Kansas he met his wife, a Mexican immigrant from Guerrero who also worked in the meatpacking industry. The two would go on to have a daughter and son. Always looking for better opportunities, the Duarte family moved throughout the midwest, spending time in Nebraska, Michigan and Iowa, eventually landing in Worthington where Leonardo continues to work at JBS. Enjoying the weather and the opportunities the city provides, the Duarte family has planted their roots in Worthington. Their son also works in the meatpacking industry, while Andrea is a teacher with the Worthington school district.

Primary Sources

Stories from Unheard Voices Oral History Project. Andrea Duarte-Alonso. https://www.storiesfromunheardvoices.com/

United Packinghouse Workers of America Oral History Interview Project, 1985-6. Wisconsin Historical Society. http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/wiarchives.uw-whs-mss00698

Secondary Sources

Anderson, J. L. “Lard to Lean: Making the Meat-Type Hog in Post–World War II America.” In Food Chains: From Farmyard to Shopping Cart, edited by Warren Belasco and Roger Horowitz, 29–46. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt3fj1q3.6.

Buntjer, Julie. “Swift says Goodbye to Five Employees.” The Globe. March 12, 2006, https://www.dglobe.com/news/swift-says-goodbye-to-five-employees .

Duarte-Alonso, Andrea. “Immigrants Find a Home in This Rural Minnesota Town.” Barn Raiser. July 4, 2024. https://barnraisingmedia.com/immigrants-find-a-home-rural-minnesota-worthington/

Gaul, Anita Talsma. "Hormel, George A. (1860–1946)." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/person/hormel-george-1860-1946.

Gutierrez, Lizeth. "Swift and Company ICE raids, 2006." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/event/swift-and-company-ice-raids-2006.

Halpern, Rick and Roger Horowitz (eds). Meatpackers: An Oral History of Black Packinghouse Workers and their Struggle for Racial and Economic Equality. Monthly Review Press, 1999.

Horowitz, Roger. Putting Meat on the American Table : Taste, Technology, Transformation. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.

Laine, Mary. "SPAM." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/thing/spam

Lichter, Daniel T. “Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America.” Rural Sociology 77, no. 1 (2012): 3–35

Lopez, Ricardo. “ JBS Worthington plant reopens with reduced staff after COVID-19 outbreak.” Minnesota Reformer. May 6, 2020. https://minnesotareformer.com/briefs/jbs-worthington-plant-reopens-with-reduced-staff-after-covid-19-outbreak/

Macgaughey, Ryan. “50 years and counting: JBS plant continues to make strong impact on local economy.” The Globe, December 30, 2014. https://www.dglobe.com/business/50-years-and-counting-jbs-plant-continues-to-make-strong-impact-on-local-economy

Nabhan-Warren, Kristy. Meatpacking America : How Migration, Work, and Faith Unite and Divide the Heartland. The University of North Carolina Press, 2021.

Nelson, Paul. "Martial Law in Albert Lea, 1959." MNopedia, Minnesota Historical Society. http://www.mnopedia.org/event/martial-law-albert-lea-1959.

Register, Cheri. Packinghouse Daughter: A Memoir. Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2001.

“The Swift Sale.” The Daily Globe. May 30, 2007. https://www.dglobe.com/news/the-swift-sale

Warren, Wilson J. Tied to the Great Packing Machine: The Midwest and Meatpacking. University of Iowa Press, 2007.

Warren, Wilson J. "Packinghouse Workers." In The American Midwest: An Interpretive Encyclopedia: Volume 1, edited by Richard Sisson, Christian K. Zacher, and Andrew Robert Lee Cayton, 1310. Indiana University Press, 2007.

Warren, Wilson J.“Meatpacking.” In A Companion to American Agricultural History, edited by R. Douglas Hurt, 341-353. John Wiley and Sons, 2022.

Warren, Wilson J. “The Meat Industry Goes Back to the Jungle.” Current History 120, no. 822 (January 2021): 21-27.

Weber, Tom. “120 Years Tradition Ends in St. Paul.” MPRNews. April 11, 2008. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2008/04/11/120-year-tradition-ends-in-south-st-paul

Vezner, Tad. “Worthington, Minnesota was dying. Then, enter the immigrants,” Pioneer Press, February 23, 2017. https://www.twincities.com/2011/09/17/worthington-minn-was-dying-then-enter-the-immigrants/

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